PATENT RIGHTS

Earlier pages have gone into the history of patents and how they are granted as a right under the U. S. Constitution. Now let’s get a little more specific. It is a grant of a property right to the inventor by his government. the U. S. Government uses the U. S. Patent and Trademark Office (“USPTO”) to grant this right. All the rules are laid down in the U. S. Code.

The term at this point is 20 years from the date your application is filed with the USPTO, of course, as always, with some exceptions. There are almost always exceptions, especially when the Government is looking for money or trying to cover something up. (Soapbox statement) This term only applies to the US and it’s territories and possessions. (Iraq? Not there yet).

The right granted is --- “the right to exclude others from making, using, offering for sale, or selling” the invention in the US - or - “importing” the invention into the US. Notice the word “exclude” above. The code doesn’t give the inventor the right to make, use, sell, etc. - it gives him or her the right to EXCLUDE OTHERS from doing it.

In certain instances this may have some meaning - best left to the attorneys (and one more reason why you need help with your invention).

Some people - maybe even you - confuse a patent with trademarks, and copyrights. Although there is some resemblance in the rights granted under these three different kinds of “intellectual property,” they are different, and serve different purposes.

COPYRIGHT - (notice the spelling, it’s a right - not a write)

A copyright protects an author against anyone copying his/her work. That means literary (book), dramatic (play), musical (song), and artistic (painting, photo) works. A copyright also covers in some instances performing and recording rights. Copyright is also a right granted through the Constitution.

One of the basic differences between a patent and a copyright is this:

• A copyright protects the form of expression of an idea (or subject matter of the work).
• In other words, if you described how a machine worked, how you described it in writing would be protected - but the actual machine (that was your idea) would not be protected.
• Other people could DESCRIBE the machine in their own way, and could make (etc.) the machine freely, UNLESS YOU ALSO HAD A PATENT ON THE MACHINE. The patent protects the idea.

Copyrights are registered in the Copyright Office in the Library of Congress.

TRADEMARK/SERVICEMARK

A trademark or servicemark (after this when I say trademark, it will include servicemark) relates to any word, name, symbol or slogan that is used in trade with goods or services, that is used to show where the goods or services came from, and to distinguish them from others.

Trademarks are used so that the public or consumer is not confused as to where or who the product or service came from. A trademark does not stop anyone from using or selling the same goods or services - they just can’t use the same name - or one that is similar to someone else - at least close enough to confuse the public.

Trademarks do not protect ideas - only how you market your idea (product). Trademarks are also not granted by the US Constitution. they are a product of commerce - and started with the various artisan guilds that would identify their creations with a “mark” somewhere on the product. Look at a piece of silverware or pottery to see what I mean.

There you have the basic differences between patents, trademarks and copyrights - all “intellectual properties.” Just remember,

• copyrights protect the expression of an idea
• patents protect the idea itself (with some restrictions)
• and trademarks protect the symbol that you use to market your idea finished into a commercial product.

The law specifies what subject matter is covered by patents and the conditions that have to be met - which is all controlled by the USPTO. Those requirements will be touched on in other pages on this site. Keep tuned - bookmark please - and come back.

for more info click here...

patent rights and trademark information

Most Advanced Microscope of World

Canadian center for Electron Microscopy has developed a new powerful microscope that is world's most powerful microscope till date. According to Gianluigi Botton, Director of Canadian center for Electron Microscopy, says that the power of this microscope can be thought as equivalent to "taking Hubble Telescope and aiming it at atomic level".

Titan 80-300 Cubed
This powerful microscope named Titan 80-300 Cubed was installed at the University early in the summer, and since then it has been put through its paces to achieve unprecedented resolution.
This microscope is so powerful that it can easily identify atoms, measure their chemical state and even probe the electrons that bind them together.

According to vice-president of Mc Master, Mr. Elbestawi this microscope will make McMaster a hub for a fast growing field.

Really Impressive Microscope
A group of international scientists who visited McMaster were really impressed by the amazing capabilities of this microscope. This microscope can help scientist to discover new things in biological and physical sciencesDean of Engineering David Wilkinson sees the microscope through another lens.
Titan's ability can probe structure of solid materials to the atomic level and this will have an amazing impact on development and commercialization of new technologies from biomedical devices to water quality monitoring and improved energy storage systems.

Cost of Microscope
This microscope has been build in Netherlands by FEI Company with a cost of about $15 million. This microscope can help to examine everyday products with its Nano details that can improve the efficiency of these products.

What This Microscope Can Do?
This microscope can be used to produce more efficient lighting and better solar cells, to study proteins and drug-delivery materials to target cancers. It will assess atmospheric particulates, and help create lighter and stronger automotive materials, more effective cosmetics, and higher density memory storage for faster electronic and telecommunication devices.

3-Dimensional Computer Processor

Scientist at University of Rochesterb have developed a new generation of Computer Processors. These processors are based on 3-Dimensional Circuits in contrary to 2-Dimensional Circuits of today.

This can be said as the next major advance in computer processors technology. The latest 3-D processor is running at 1.4 gigahertz in the labs of University.

PAST ATTEMPTS VS LATEST RESEARCH

In the past attempts of making 3-D chips, scientist were just making a stack of regular processors. But at University of Rochesterb it was designed and built specifically to optimize all key processing functions vertically, through multiple layers of processors, the same way ordinary chips optimize functions horizontally.

This design means that every tasks such as Synchronicity, Power Distribution, and Long-Distance Signaling are all fully functioning in three dimensions for the first time.

EBY FRIEDMAN: THE MAN BEHIND 3-D CHIPS

Eby Friedman and his students has designed this chip, which uses many of the tricks of regular processors, but also accounts for different impedances that might occur from chip to chip, different operating speeds, and different power requirements. According to Eby Friedman, Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rochester and faculty director of the pro of the processor says:- "I call it a cube now, because it's not just a chip anymore. This is the way computing is going to have to be done in the future. When the chips are flush against each other, they can do things you could never do with a regular 2D chip"

TODAYS INTEGRATED CHIPS AND PROBLEMS

The problem with today's technology of integrated circuits is that, beyond a limit it is impossible to pack more chips next to each other which limits the capabilities of future processors. So number of integrated circuit designers anticipate someday expanding into the third dimension, stacking transistors on top of each other.

IMPORTANCE

Vertical Expansion of chips has lots of technical difficulties and the only solution to this is to design a 3-D chip where all the layers interact like a single system. According to Friedman: Getting all three levels of the 3-D chip to act in harmony is like trying to devise a traffic control system for the entire United States-and then layering two more United States above the first and somehow getting every bit of traffic from any point on any level to its destination on any other level-while simultaneously coordinating the traffic of millions of other drivers.
Now if we replace the two United States layers to something more complicated like China and India where the driving laws and roads are quite different, and the complexity and challenge of designing a single control system to work in any chip begins to become apparent.

The 3-D Chip is essentially an entire circuit board folded up into a tiny package. With this technology the chips inside something like an iPod could be compacted to a tenth their current size with ten times the speed.

VULTURE - Unmanned Aircraft

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) of United States is working to develop an unmanned aircraft that is able to stay in air for a period of 5 years at a time. It is one of the most recent inventions of world.

Officials of DARPA has revealed that this aircraft will be known as VULTURE due to its Persistent Pseudo-Satellite Capability . It means that this aircraft will be able to fly over a single area, communicating or performing analysis for years at a time.

Major Obstacles in Project:

Even this project looks appealing to many of you, but there are some serious problems or you can say obstacles in achieving this project.

1) First challenge in front of designers is to figure out some Way to Supply Power to this aircraft during long missions.

2) Another problem is that this aircraft will carry a 1000 pound (450 kg) payload in winds at an altitude of 60,000 to 90,000 feet.

3) Designers have also to sort out the problems regarding Deterioration of Materials during their long-time exposure to stratospheric flight.
In addition to this there may be many challenges during designing of this aircraft.

Daniel Newman: The Man Behind VULTURE

Daniel Newman is the Project Manger of this ambitious project of NASA. In his words: "We want to completely change the paradigm of how we think of aircraft. Aviation has a perfect record - we've never left one up there. We will attempt to break that record". It looks that its time to get out of the traditional "launch - recover - maintain - launch cycle of aircrafts."

Concept Behind Vulture:

Basically Aircrafts operates just like satellites, but the major difference is that these are not regulated by orbital mechanics. You can understand Vulture as a Pseudo-Satellite, which operates in the stratosphere and not in the low Earth orbit. This would provide a 65 dB upgrading in communications capability and will increase onboard sensor resolution.
When Will it Become a Reality?

Well, right now NASA has not mentioned any time table when the aircraft will be ready. But for now NASA has worked on the probable design of Vulture (see picture).

4G TECHNOLOGY

Fourth Generation (4G) mobiles

4G also called as Fourth-Generation Communications System, is a term used to describe the next step in wireless communications. A 4G system can provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data and streamed multimedia can be provided to users on an "Anytime, Anywhere" basis. The data transfer rates are also much higher than previous generations.

The main objectives of 4G are:

1)4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system.

2)This will be capable of providing 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s speeds both indoors and outdoors.

3)It can provide premium quality and high security.

4)4G offer all types of services at an affordable cost.

4G is developed to provide high quality of service (QoS) and rate requirements set by forthcoming applications such as wireless broadband access, Multimedia Messaging, Video Chat, Mobile TV, High definition TV content, DVB, minimal service like voice and data, and other streaming services.

4G technology allow high-quality smooth video transmission. It will enable fast downloading of full-length songs or music pieces in real time.

The business and popularity of 4Gmobiles is predicted to be very vast. On an average, by 2009, this 4Gmobile market will be over $400B and it will dominate the wireless communications, and its converged system will replace most conventional wireless infrastructure.

Data Rates For 4G:

The downloading speed for mobile Internet connections is from 9.6 kbit/s for 2G cellular at present. However, in actual use the data rates are usually slower, especially in crowded areas, or when there is congestion in network.

4G mobile data transmission rates are planned to be up to 20 megabits per second which means that it will be about 10-20 times faster than standard ASDL services.

In terms of connection seeds, 4G will be about 200 times faster than present 2G mobile data rates, and about 10 times faster than 3G broadband mobile. 3G data rates are currently 2Mbit/sec, which is very fast compared to 2G's 9.6Kbit/sec.

X-mini Speakers

we featured the unboxing galleries of the two XMI X-mini portable speakers which we received from Singapore. After having tried and tested its features and even used it while on the road, we were overall well impressed with the X-mini II Capsule Speaker and the X-mini MAX II portable speaker. If you haven’t yet heard about them before, we strongly advise you first read about their details and see the photos here and here…
for more information click on the link below
http://www.gadgetlite.com/2009/11/16/review-xmi-x-mini-ii-capsule/

gadgets

Packard Bell announced last week their first Freeview certified TV-ready PCs, both the oneTwo series M and L models will be integrated with Freeview certified digital TV tuner in the UK.

The latest Packard Bell oneTwo series is designed to procure a maximum amount of enjoyment with a minimal amount of effort, by bringing together the technology in a friendly interface. This all-in-one device, with its space-saving design and a single power-cord combines a PC and a TV in a 20’’ or 23’’ display. Both models will boast touchscreens, compliant and optimised for Windows 7. More info on their specs and pricing below.
http://www.gadgetlite.com/2009/11/16/latest-packard-bell-onetwo-series/

ELECOM 10 port USB

I’ve never really had a ton of USB items that needed plugged in, but even with as few as I have, it can be extremely frustrating when you run out of ports. Then you get an extra hub and of course, that one fills up eventually. So although you may not really need 10 different USB ports, you’re just giving yourself the option to have a lot plugged in at once. It’s always better to have too many USB ports rather than too few.

sony aims big with line of mega changers

Sony is looking far into the future to further consolidate their position as one of the better home entertainment system manufacturers for the average consumer electronics market by rolling out a whole new bunch of devices, where these will include the new BDP-CX960 and the “Elevated Standard” (ES) BDP-CX7000ES 400-disc Blu-ray Disc MegaChangers. In addition, the BDP-S1000ES single disc ES player has also been announced, bringing Sony’s Blu-ray Disc line to 13 models. Just in case you were wondering how “mega” is a MegaChanger, the Blu-ray Disc MegaChanger models are able to store and play a whopping 400 Blu-ray Discs, DVDs, and CDs, letting you relocate your entire disc library to a convenient, easy-to-access location - sure as heck frees up more space on those shelves of yours to hold even more discs, if you’re so inclined.

Sony Ericsson XPERIA X1

The latest Sony Ericsson XPERIA X1 touchscreen Professional (Pocket PC) device with a horizontal sliding QWERTY keypad. It features a wide WGA screen that distinguishes it from its VGA screened Touch Pro cousin.

Experience a smartphone which contains many features you probably have not heard before. It is designed to have a 3.5mm plug for earphones, having its unique characteristics for any mobile based phone. One of the important features of the phone is its navigation cross, with a central button that doubles as a touchpad. It has slightly raised separate keys sitting a millimeter apart. It is very comfortable to write on.

The Sony Ericsson XPERIA X1shows a little more RAM and the display is 800 x 480 as opposed to the straight-laced VGA resolution in the touch Pro. This would give the screen, and generally the entire Sony Ericsson XPERIA X1, a slightly longer and narrower shell, which as well explains the lack of dedicated number keys on the keyboard. The Windows mobile base in the Sony Ericsson XPERIA X1 has touchscreen phones. It has been supplemented with a home grown graphical interface called the X-panel, since the system itself is the textbook definition of the word clutter.

XAT sample paper

THE PRINCETON REVIEW XAT SAMPLE

http://www.sharetermpapers.com/index.php?action=dlattach;topic=1608.0;attach=1312

IIT MADRAS " shaastra 2009 "

the events era for 2009-2010 has been ignited....

shaastra 2009, the prestigious event held at IIT madras has been started looking for techno geeks...
shaastra 2009 , the spirit of engineering.... starting September 30th- oct 4th.
for more info visit
http://www.shaastra.org/2009/site/

kingston technology launches 256GB data traveler 300USB flash drive

users now can carry around a lot of data ranging from images, music, movies and whole database. business users can safeguard their data by initialzing the password traveler software which will allow them to password protect the data in the privacy zone without need of the administration rights.
the innovative drive furthur sports a durable capless design that protects the usb connector when kept aside and not in use. it also enhanced for windows ready boost on vista based systems.
This also comes with 5 years warranty and TECH support.
**The price of the drive in not yet mentioned.

CEED Exam Eligibility

Candidates must either have completed or be expecting to complete any of the following:

· Bachelor's degree in Engineering / Architecture / Design/ Interior Design, or equivalent

• Professional Diploma in Design (NID/CEPT, or equivalent)
• B.F.A. (4 year professional programme, after 10+2)
• G.D. Art (5 year programme after 10th) with one year professional experience
• Master's degree in Arts / Science / Computer Applications

Information on the programme may be obtained from the websites of the respective institutes, as given below.

IISc Bangalore	www.iisc.ernet.in
IIT Bombay	www.iitb.ac.in
IIT Delhi	www.iitd.ac.in
IIT Guwahati	www.iitg.ac.in
IIT Kanpur	www.iitk.ac.in
CPDM	www.cpdm.iisc.ernet.in
IDC	www.idc.iitb.ac.in
IDDC	www.iitd.ac.in/center/iddc
DOD	www.iitg.ac.in/design
Design Prog.	www.iitk.ac.in/design

FOR MORE DETAILS VISIT:

http://www.onestopgate.com/ceed/important-dates.asp

CEED Exam

About CEED:

CEED (Common Entrance Examination for Design) is an all India examination conducted by the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay (IIT, Bombay), on behalf of the Ministry of Human Resources Development, Department of Education, Government of India. The examination tests the candidates for visual perception ability, drawing skills, design aptitude and communication skills.

CEED is a qualifying examination for admission to Post Graduate M.Des. programmes at the Industrial Design Centre, IIT Bombay; IDDC, IIT Delhi; CPMD, IISc Bangalore; design Programme, IIT Kanpur.

STRUCTURE OF THE EXAMINATION

The duration of the CEED exam is three hours consisting of two parts.
PART A
Visual Perception and Creative Ability Test to judge Visual sensitivity and imagination.
PART B
- Written Communication
- Ability to express precisely one's thoughts on a given topic.
- Ability to comprehend a given passage in English and summarize it

DESIGN APTITUDE

Development of new product/ visual concepts and creative ideas based on analytical observation of problems from daily life situations. Choice of product concepts suitable for small and large scale production. Generation of solution in a given material and process such as sheet metal work wood fabrication, plastic moulding, wire fabrication, etc. or representations of visual concepts into visual symbols and form, aided with drawings and illustrations. Drawings based on your analysis.

DRAWING SKILLS

Imagination of objects, people and places from our immediate or distant environments.

GATE

Syllabus for Electronics And Communication Engineering

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS Linear Algebra: Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors. Calculus: Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Green’s theorems. Differential equations: First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy’s and Euler’s equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations and variable separable method. Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchy’s integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor’s and Laurent’ series, Residue theorem, solution integrals. Probability and Statistics: Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression analysis. Numerical Methods: Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for differential equations. Transform Theory: Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform. ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING Networks: Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs; incidence, fundamental cut set and fundamental circuit matrices. Solution methods: nodal and mesh analysis. Network theorems: superposition, Thevenin and Norton’s maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta transformation. Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, Solution of network equations using Laplace transform: frequency domain analysis of RLC circuits. 2-port network parameters: driving point and transfer functions. State equations for networks. Electronic Devices: Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic silicon. Carrier transport in silicon: diffusion current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity. Generation and recombination of carriers. p-n junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor, MOSFET, LED, p-I-n and avalanche photo diode, Basics of LASERs. Device technology: integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, photolithography, n-tub, p-tub and twintub CMOS process. Analog Circuits: Small Signal Equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs and analog CMOS. Simple diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier. Biasing and bias stability of transistor and FET amplifiers. Amplifiers: single-and multi-stage, differential and operational, feedback, and power. Frequency response of amplifiers. Simple op-amp circuits. Filters. Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp configurations. Function generators and waveshaping circuits, 555 Timers. Power supplies. Digital circuits: Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinatorial circuits: arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers, decoders, PROMs and PLAs. Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs. Semiconductor memories. Microprocessor(8085): architecture, programming, memory and I/O interfacing. Signals and Systems: Definitions and properties of Laplace transform, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, z-transform. Sampling theorem. Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal transmission through LTI systems. Control Systems: Basic control system components; block diagrammatic description, reduction of block diagrams. Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these systems. Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems; transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response. Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion, Bode and Nyquist plots. Control system compensators: elements of lead and lag compensation, elements of Proportional-Integral- Derivative (PID) control. State variable representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems. Communications: Random signals and noise: probability, random variables, probability density function, autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog communication systems: amplitude and angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations, superheterodyne receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog communication systems; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions. Fundamentals of information theory and channel capacity theorem. Digital communication systems: pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched filter receivers, bandwidth consideration and probability of error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TDMA, FDMA and CDMA and GSM. Electromagnetics: Elements of vector calculus: divergence and curl; Gauss’ and Stokes’ theorems, Maxwell’s equations: differential and integral forms. Wave equation, Poynting vector. Plane waves: propagation through various media; reflection and refraction; phase and group velocity; skin depth. Transmission lines: characteristic impedance; impedance transformation; Smith chart; impedance matching; S parameters, pulse excitation. Waveguides: modes in rectangular waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off frequencies; dispersion relations. Basics of propagation in dielectric waveguide and optical fibers. Basics of Antennas: Dipole antennas; radiation pattern; antenna gain.

Competitive Examinations in India after graduation

Competitive Examinations in India

UPSC | SSC | DEFENCE | L.I.C/G.I.C | BANK | RAILWAY | UGC

	UPSC Competitive Exams
	• Central Police Forces (Assistant Commandants Examination)
	• Civil Services (I.A.S.) Exam
	• Combined Defence Services (C.D.S.)Exam
	• Combined Medical Services (C.M.S) Exam
	• Combined Engineering Services Exam
	• Geologists Exam
	• Indian Economic/Statistical Services Exam
	• Indian Forest Service (IFS) Exam
	• National Defence Academy (N.D.A.) Exam
	• Section Officers/ Stenographers (Grade ‘B’/Grade-I) Limited Departmental Competitive Examination

Top

	SSC Competitive Exams
	• Assistants Grade Exam
	• Clerks Grade Exam
	• Combined Graduate Preliminary Exam
	• Combined Matric Preliminary Exam
	• Divisional Accountants /Auditors/UDC Exam
	• Income Tax/ Excise Inspectors, etc.. Exam
	• Stenographers' Grade 'C' Exam
	• Stenographers' Grade 'D' Exam

Top

	Defence Competitive Exams
	• Combined Defence Services (C.D.S.) Exam (UPSC)
	• National Defence Academy (N.D.A.) Exam (UPSC)
	• I.A.F. Airman (Technical Trades) Exam
	• I.A.F. Airman (Non-Technical Trades) Exam
	• I.A.F. Airman (Educational Instructors Trade) Exam
	• Indian Navy Sailors Matric Entry Recruitment Exam
	• Indian Navy Artificer Apprentices Exam
	• Indian Navy Dockyard Apprentices Exam
	• Indian Army Soldiers (Technical) M.E.R. Exam
	• Indian Army Soldiers Nursing Assistant's M.E.R. Exam
	• Indian Army Soldiers General Duty (NER) Exam
	• Indian Army Soldiers Clerks Exam

Top

	L.I.C/ G. I.C Competitive Exams
	• L.I.C Officers' Exam
	• G.I.C Officers' Exam
	• L.I.C Development Officers' Exam
	• G.I.C. Assistants Exam

	Bank Competitive Exam
	• State Bank Probationary Officers Exam
	• Reserve Bank Grade 'A' / 'B' Officers' Exam

	Railway Competitive Exam
	• Special Class Railway Apprentices Exam (UPSC)

	University Grants Commission (UGC)
	• National Eligibility Test (NET)

XAT (Xavier Admission Test)

The XAT is conducted for admission to Post-Graduate degree programmes in Management at XLRI, XIM, XISS, LIBA etc. The XLRI is ranked amongst the top 5 B-Schools in India and XIM Bhubaneshwar is ranked among the top 20 management institutes in India.

The Xavier Labour Relations Institute (XLRI), Jamshedpur conducts the Xavier Admission Test (XAT). The advertisement for form appears in late August. The entrance exam is usually held on the first Sunday of January and the Interviews are in the month of March.

The XAT is a two-hour duration paper, with number of questions being 200. The paper divided into 3 sections with sectional timings being enforced.

The method of scoring is:
Right Answer: 1 mark & Incorrect Answer: -1/3 mark.

Section	No. Of Questions
English	80
Reasoning & Quantitative Ability	60
General Awareness	60

In the last 20-min you are expected to write a 250 – 300 word essay with topics ranging from those of social relevance to propositions to abstract.

Registration for XAT

To register for XAT, candidates have to fill the XAT Form that is available online at www.xlri.edu/xat. Once the candidate logs on to this site, a full set of instructions will appear and following them, the candidate can obtain his/her ID and password.

This ID and password are to be indicated for all the future correspondence with XAT Office, Jamshedpur. For writing the XAT, the candidates should select their convenient cities from the list of city-choices available on the web site.

JMET (Joint Management Entrance Test)

The Joint Management Entrance Test (JMET) is the first step for admission to Post Graduate degree programmes in Management at the IITs (Indian Institutes of Technology) and the IISc (Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore).

Currently IISc Bangalore, IIT Bombay, IIT Delhi, IIT Kanpur, IIT Kharagpur, IIT Madras and IIT Roorkee offer such Programmes in Management.

Students have to apply for JMET and send separate application forms to different IITs and IISc as per their choice.The IITs and IISc will use the results of JMET to short list candidates for the subsequent part of the selection process.

The JMET is usually conducted on the 2nd Sunday of every December and has many test centres all over India. The application deadline is usually in the third week of October and the forms are available at the GATE offices of the institutes as well as online on the websites of the institutes.

Group Discussion - Some crucial GD Tips

Group Discussion is a very important round in any selection process, be it for an MBA course, campus recruitment or for any graduate/post graduate degree. The selection committee conducts GD to gauge whether the candidate has certain personality traits and/or skills that it desires in its members, say for example

§ Ability to work in a team
§ Communication skills
§ Leadership skills
§ Reasoning ability
§ Initiativeness
§ Assertiveness
§ Creatibility
§ Flexibility
§ Ability to think and act independently

Normally groups of 8-10 candidates are formed into a leaderless group, and are given a specific situation to analyse and discuss within a given time limit. The group may be given a Case Study and asked to come out with a solution for a problem. The group may be given a topic and asked to discuss on the same. A panel will observe the proceedings and evaluate the members of the group.

Let’s discuss some few relevant points which one should remember while appearing for a GD. One needs to know what one's objective in the group is---- to be noticed by the panel and to contribute meaningfully in an attempt to help the group reach the right consensus.

1) The first thing is that the panel should notice you. Merely making a meaningful contribution and helping the group arrive at a consensus is not enough.

· You must ensure that the group hears you. If the group hears you, so will the evaluator.

· You need to be assertive. It depends on you how you steer the group in the right direction, once it gets stuck to something. This gives you the chance to showcase your leadership skills.

· Most importantly, you have to make your chances. Many group discussion participants often complain that they did not get a chance to speak. The fact is that in no group discussion will you get a chance to speak. There is nothing more unacceptable in a GD than keeping one's mouth shut or just murmuring things which are inaudible.

2) The second most essential thing is that your contribution to the group should be meaningful. For that you need to have a good knowledge base. You should be able to think logically and hence put forth you ideas cohesively. The quality of what you said is more valuable than the quantity. It doesn’t help if you shout at the top of your voice and speak at great length, what matters most is what you speak and how it creates an impact on the group as well as the evaluators.

3) The last most important thing is that you must be clearly seen to be attempting to build a consensus. This shows your ability to work in a team, your ability to adjust yourself in new surroundings and help others in your team to reach a definite conclusion amidst difference of opinions. After all this is what all Group Discussions aim at: To be able to discuss and arrive at a consensus.

To be able to meet the above requirements during a Group Discussion, one should keep in mind the following basic mantras:

a) Be Yourself. Be as natural as possible and don’t try to be someone you are not.

b) Take time to organize your thoughts. Don’t suddenly jump to any conclusion. Think before you speak so that you don’t speak anything irrelevant to the topic being discussed.

c) Don’t make the mistake of looking at the panel while you are speaking. You are in a Group Discussion and you are expected to discuss among group members, so always look at your group members while you are speaking.

d) Seek clarifications if you have any doubts regarding the subject, before the discussion commences.

e) Your body language says a lot about you - your gestures and mannerisms are more likely to reflect your attitude than what you say.
f) Never try to show your dominance. Be assertive, speak yourself and let others speak as well.

g) Don’t lose your cool if anyone says anything you object to. The key is to stay objective: Don't take the discussion personally.

h) Show your leadership skills. Motivate the other members of the team to speak. Be receptive to others' opinions and do not be abrasive or aggressive.

i) Remember, opening the discussion is not the only way of gaining attention and recognition. If you do not give valuable insights during the discussion, all your efforts of initiating the discussion will be in vain.

Don’t be disheartened if you did not do well in your First Group Discussion. Instead try to learn from your past mistakes. Remember,
Practice makes man perfect!!!!!

Top MBA Colleges in India -MBA College Ranking, Best Business Schools in India - Outlook B. School Survey - 2008

TOP 10 GOVT/PSU B-SCHOOLS

1. IIM, Ahmedabad
2. IIM, Lucknow
3. IIM, Pune
4. NITIE, Mumbai
5. FMS, Delhi
6. IIFT, Delhi
7. SJMSOM, IIT Bombay
8. JBIMS, Mumbai
9. IRMA, Anand
10. IHMR, Jaipur

TOP 10 PRIVATE B-SCHOOLS

1. XLRI, Jamshedpur
2. SP Jain, Mumbai
3. XIM, Bhubaneshwar
4. IMT, Ghaziabad
5. MDI, Gurgaon
6. IMI, Delhi
7. NMIMS, Mumbai
8. Welingkar, Mumbai
9. Symbiosis, Pune
10. KJ Somaiya, Mumbai

Top 10: Among Placements

1. IIM, Ahmedabad
2. Faculty of Mgmt Studies, Delhi
3. XLRI, Jamshedpur
4. NITIE, Mumbai
5. IIM, Indore
6. SP Jain Institute, Mumbai
7. IIFT, Delhi
8. Jamnalal Bajaj Inst, Mumbai
9. Xavier Institute, Bhubaneshwar
10. SJMSOM, IIT Mumbai

Top 10: Most expensive B-schools
Total programme fee (in Rs)

1. IMT, Ghaziabad ---------7,96,000
2. ICFAI, Hyderabad-- --7,70,000
3. ICFAI, Mumbai ----------7,50,000
4. MDI, Gurgaon----------- 6,32,000
5. IMS, Ghaziabad----------6,10,000
6. NMIMS, Mumbai---------6,09,700
7. NILM, Delhi-------------- 5,90,000
8. XKRI, Jamshedpur -------5,61,000
9. IIFT, Delhi--------------- 5,53,400
10. IPE, Hyderabad--------- 5,50,000

MBA Admission Process to US Business Schools

An MBA degree from US is much sought after by Indian students, since US has top business schools like Harvard, Wharton and Stanford and others that are much reputed worldwide. The admission process is the simplest, flexible and affordable here. Moreover, it will offer you the dream career, education with cutting edge quality ensuring adequate grooming for a coveted job with rich money and life style.

Here are some important issues in the process:

Eligibility
Must have sixteen years of UG education, i.e., four years degree (or equivalent) after high school.

Must have adequate GMAT and TOEFL scores.
Required work experience, it is preferred by most of the Institutions.

Various steps in the admission process

Decision making

Select among the schools, make up your mind clearly about the expected outcomes, since this is a big investment of your time and money. Choose schools that fit with your long term career needs and those you think you can get into.

Make your schedule

one requires one month at least to collect information to short list universities.

For GMAT & TOEFL, registration work must begin four months before the test date.

Universities have deadlines for applications for International candidates, so getting applications and working on it needs time.

Preparation of documents such as the transcripts, recommendation letters; GMAT & TOEFL score reports, financial documents like the bank document and the affidavit of support, etc.

Application essays – it takes about two months to write the essays.

Activities like sending the applications before the due date.

All these activities require careful scheduling as per the preference of the applicant.

Application Process
Get the relevant application forms.
Appear for the test

GMAT and TOEFL – a good four to five hours of preparation is enough and adequate materials are available.

GMAT ( Graduate Management Aptitude Test) is commonly used as one of the many selection criteria for admission to US business schools. It is a computer / paper based test administered by Graduate Management Admission Council ( GMAC – www.gmac.com) round the year and tests the basic verbal, mathematical and analytical writing skills of the applicant.

TOEFL – Test of English as a Foreign Language tests the potential of standard American English at a college level. An internet/paper based test, TOEFL test includes listening comprehension, structure and written expression, reading comprehension and vocabulary and essay writing. It is administered by Educational Testing Service( ETS - www.ets.org) worldwide and the score is valid for two years.

Arrange the required finance

Finances mean the tuition fee, living costs and other costs like airfare, visa, insurance and preparation costs. You can cover it from your own funds or take a loan from the bank. Financial aids and scholarships are provided by some Universities so better to check with them individually. There are also opportunities to earn from part-time jobs, but can not be taken for granted.

Write application essays
Seem to be the most difficult and most interesting part of the process. It requires answers to questions like what your career goals are and why, the anticipated learning outcomes from the course, all your accomplishments and estimation of your merit for all that you have mentioned. Hence this part of the process is very crucial.

Arrange recommendation letters
Many applicants consider this as not-so-important one that can be self-written and get it signed from others. However, this is wrong and can invite trouble. So letters of recommendation should be authentic and it requires to communicate well in advance with the recommending persons so that they are completely aware of the facts you have mentioned in the application and you as a person. In this manner, recommendation can be managed in favour.

Complete the entire documentation and despatch before due date

Fill up the application form, arrange the transcripts, test reports, documents for financial support, essay and recommendation letters in general and any other thing as mentioned in the application for sending it to the University.

Prepare and appear the Interview
Interview of the candidate to judge the ability and interest for the program is common in most US business schools. It can be telephonic or through any authorised representative and normally are quite informal.

Finally wait for that coveted call and get ready for visa preparation; two things are important, convincing the embassy that you have adequate funds for the study and that you are not a potential immigrant.

Dreaming of MBA

Dreaming of MBA
Do you have it in you ?

Dreaming MBA

MBA in all its avatars – business management, rural management, international business; full time, part-time, customized for working class, distance mode; several classes of Institutions, inside the country or abroad – option are many and confusions are many fold. So do you have the right aptitude and clearly defined goals ? Let’s go for a general brush up:

Who look up to an MBA

Students - Ranging from a simple graduate to an engineer, law graduate or even a MBBS, consciously plan for this more market-worthy qualification.

Already employed - A work floor person looking up that corporate ladder, those who simply want to increase their pay packets, who wish to change their job, make a mid career change or to attain greater job mobility.

Professionals – those who are freelancers or work with own set-up often enroll for it so as to gain a holistic approach on their business or to focus with a refreshed outlook.

Entrepreneurs & business heirs - An entrepreneur would next jump for it to acquire that cutting edge to create, sustain and spread his empire. Heirs of business houses naturally are the right candidates.

What is on the plate?

Added glamour - MBA offers higher pay packets, challenging work environments and more over an opportunity for self-actualization to many.

Managing people – Harness that enormous energy from human interactions, team spirit and thereby sharpen your persona.

Develop smartness – let us call it as being street smart i.e., ability to get your work done.

Expand your horizon – Since you are involved in all macro and micro issues of the business, it forces you to study that balance sheet even if you are in the IT wing.

Skills of problem solving – being responsible for your actions, decisions and its impact on the organization’s performance, you gradually develop that rewarding skill of integration.

Confidence – this elegant facet of personality gets honed through everyday challenges.

So, churn out your interest pool and make a head start.

MBA Admission in 2009

Are you looking to persue MBA degree from one of the prestigious management schools in and around the country then , this would help you the best way.......

plz copy, check out the following link.

http://www.successcds.net/MBA-Admission/index.htm

OTHER MANAGEMENT TESTS

• JMET 2009 - Joint Management Entrance Test
• XAT 2009 on Jan 4, 2009
  
• CAT 2008 - Common Admission Test Notification
  
• MAT 2009 - Management Aptitude Test by AIMA
  
• SNAP 2008 - Symbiosys National Aptitude Test
• IIFT Entrance Exam 2008
• IBSAT 2008 on Dec. 21, 2009
• FMS Entrance Test - Delhi University MBA Admission Test 2009
• AIMS ATMA 2009 Important Dates
• PAT- 2009 Pharma Management Admission Test
  

for more details visit
http://www.successcds.net/mbaentranceexam.htm

MAT SCORE

MAT Score is acceptable even to certain other Institutes for considering admission of candidates for Post Graduate Degree / Diploma programmes, besides the above Institutes, subject to specific cut-off marks and other admission parameters.

Further details: http://www.aima-ind.org

Management Aptitude Test - MAT Test Pattern

MAT is an objective type test with multiple-choice answers. The test is designed to measure a person’s general aptitudes as the following table indicates:

Section no.	Section	No of Questions	Time Suggested (Minutes)
1.	Language Comprehension	40	30
2.	Mathematical Skills	40	40
3.	Data Analysis and Sufficiency	40	35
4.	Intelligence and Critical Reasoning	40	30
5.	Indian and Global Environment	40	15
	Total:	200	150

MAT - MANAGEMENT APTITUDE TEST

MAT - MANAGEMENT APTITUDE TEST
Conducted By : All India Management Association (AIMA)

Centre for Management Services (CMS) is the specialized division of AIMA undertaking testing and other management services. The testing services have been in operation since 1988 under the trademark All India Management Aptitude Testing Services (AIMATS) facilitating academia, industry and government to screen and select candidates for higher studies, recruitment, promotion etc. Hundreds of organizations and lakhs of candidates have availed these services. AIMATS has the unique distinction of being the first to be awarded with ISO 9001: 2000 Certification for the range of services under its scope.

Next MAT - Management Aptitude Test Date

03 MAY 2009 (Sunday)

(Reporting Time 9.15 AM)

TIME : 10:00 AM TO 12:30 PM

MAT ELIGIBILITY: Graduate in any discipline from a recognized university. Final year degree course students can also apply.

HOW TO APPLY for MAT EXAM :

To obtain MAT Bulletin and Application Form by post, send a Demand Draft of Rs.1050/- to AIMA-CMS, drawn in favour of “All India Management Association” payable at New Delhi alongwith two self-addressed slips/adhesive stickers. Send your request to The Manager-CMS, All India Management Association, Management House, 14, Institutional Area, Lodhi Road, New Delhi-110 003.

OR

Obtain MAT Bulletin and Application Form on cash payment of Rs 980/-(Nine Hundred Eighty only) at AIMA counter at Delhi (Tel:- 24653382), select Bank of Baroda (BoB) Branches, AIMA Nodal Centres and other outlets .Bank of Baroda Branches (Click Here), AIMA Nodal Centres and other outlets.

IMPORTANT DATES FOR MAT EXAM:

Last date of Availability of MAT Bulletin: 08 April 2009 (Wednesday)

Last date for Receipt of Filled form At AIMA, New Delhi : 11 April 2009 (Saturday)